Definition
Singular Noun
A singular noun means one item only.
Example of singular nouns are bed, boy, girl, book, house, and cat.
Plural Noun
A plural noun means more than one item.
Example of plural nouns are beds, boys, girls, books, cats, etc. they are create by adding a letter ’s’ to the end of a word or by adding ‘es’ such as in churches, boxes or witches.
Example help-some helpful ruler
There are some rules when working with English plurals:
Just add an ‘s’ to make most words plural.
If the noun ends with a ch, s, sh, x, or z add an ‘es’ to make it plural.
If the noun end with a letter y and the letter before the y is a consonant
· change the letter y to a letter I then add es to make it a plural
Rule #1
The plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular noun.
| lamp | lamps |
| cat | cats |
| fork | forks |
| flower | flowers |
| pen | pens |
Rule #2
Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, and ch form the plural by adding - es.
| moss | mosses |
| buzz | buzzes |
| box | boxes |
| dish | dishes |
| church | churches |
Special Note:
If you add - s to such nouns as fox, bush, and bench, you will find that you cannot pronounce them without making an additional syllable. This is why such nouns form the plural by adding - es.
Rule #3
Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by changing - y to - ies.
Examples: lady = ladies;
City = cities;
Army = armies
Rule #4
Nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel form their plurals by adding - s.
Example: boy = boys;
Day = days
Rule #5
Most nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by adding es. Example: hero = heroes;
Grotto = grottoes
Special Note:
Most nouns ending in o preceded by a vowel is formed into a plural by adding - s.
Example: folio = folios;
Cameo = cameos;
Studio = studios;
Portfolio = portfolios
Rule #6
Some nouns ending in f or fe are made plural by changing f or fe to - ves.
Example: beef = beeves;
Wife = wives
The following form their plurals by adding - s.
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